HYPOTHYROIDISM
✿ Dysfunctional thyroid gland (primary)
✧ autoimmune
⁎ hashimoto's thyroiditis
⁎ polyglandular autoimmune syndrome
✧ iatrogenic
⁎ thyroidectomy
⁎ radioiodine therapy
⁎ radiation
✧ nutritional
⁎ iodine deficiency
⁎ iodine excess
✧ drug-induced
⁎ thionamides (methimazole, ppu)
⁎ lithium
⁎ amiodarone
⁎ interferon alfa
⁎ interleukin-2
⁎ tyrosine kinase inhibitors (imatinib)
⁎ checkpoint inhibitors (ipilimumab)
⁎ cholestyramine
⁎ iron
⁎ phenytoin
⁎ carbamazepine
✧ infiltrative
⁎ riedel's thyroiditis
⁎ sarcoidosis
⁎ hemochromatosis
⁎ scleroderma
⁎ leukemia
⁎ cystinosis
⁎ amyloidosis
⁎ tuberculosis
✧ congenital
⁎ thyroid gland a/dysgenesis
✿ Dysregulated thyroid gland (central)
✧ Tsh deficiency
⁎ hypopituitarism
✧ Trh deficiency
⁎ hypothalamus dysfunction
HYPERTHYROIDISM
✿ Overactive thyroid gland
✧ autoimmune
⁎ graves' disease
⁎ hashitoxicosis
⁎ painless (silent or subacute lymphocytic) thyroiditis
⁎ postpartum thyroiditis
✧ iatrogenic
⁎ palpation thyroiditis
⁎ radioiodine therapy
⁎ radiation
✧ tissue hyperplasia
⁎ toxic adenoma
⁎ toxic multinodular goiter
✧ neoplasm
⁎ papillary cancer
⁎ follicular cancer
⁎ anaplastic cancer
✧ infection
⁎ subacute granulomatous (de quervain's) thyroiditis
✧ drug-induced
⁎ iv contrast
⁎ amiodarone
⁎ epoprostenol
⁎ levothyroxine
⁎ lithium
⁎ interferon alfa
⁎ tyrosine kinase inhibitors (imatinib)
⁎ checkpoint inhibitors (ipilimumab)
✿ Excessive tsh stimulation
✧ pituitary adenoma
✧ germ cell tumors
✧ mutated t3 receptor
✧ overactive tsh receptor
✿ Ectopic thyroid production
✧ struma ovarii
