• Monocytes are agranulocytes involved in immune response to infection, tissue repair, and immunomoregulation.
monocytopenia - monocytosis
• Monocytopenia
• Monocytosis
MONOCYTOPENIA
✿ MonoMAC syndrome (gata2 deficiency)
✿ Hematologic disorders
✧ pancytopenia/aplastic anemia
✧ hairy cell leukemia
✧ chronic lymphocytic leukemia
✿ Other
✧ glucocorticoids
✧ cytokines (tnf-α, ifn-α)
✧ severe thermal injury
✧ radiotherapy
✧ hemodialysis
MONOCYTOSIS
✿ Neoplasm
✧ myeloproliferative disorders
☼ monocytic leukemias
☼ myelomonocytic leukemias
☼ myelodysplasia
☼ myelofibrosis
☼ polycythemia vera
✧ lymphoproliferative disorders
☼ leukemias
☼ lymphomas
☼ myeloma
☼ macroglobulinemia
✧ solid tumors
☼ metastatic colon cancer
☼ soft tissue sarcoma
✿ Inflammation
✧ rhematoid arthritis
✧ systemic lupus erythematosus
✧ polyarteritis nodosa
✧ myositis
✧ temporal arteritis
✧ sarcoidosis
✧ kawasaki disease
✧ inflammatory bowel disease
✧ celiac disease
✧ alcoholic liver disease
✧ myocardial infarct
✧ post cabg
✿ Hematologic disorders
✧ chronic idiopathic monocytosis
✧ neutropenia
✧ immune hemolytic anemia
✧ idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura
✧ post agranulocytic recovery
✧ post splenectomy
✧ pseudolymphoma syndrome
✿ Infection
✧ bacterial
☼ tuberculosis
☼ subacute endocarditis
☼ resolution of infection
☼ syphillis
☼ brucellosis
✧ viral
☼ cmv
☼ varicella-zoster
☼ influenza
✿ Other
✧ wiskott-aldrich syndrome
✧ depression/ anxiety
✧ marathon running
✧ growth factors (gm-csf, g-csf, m-csf)
✧ holoprosencephaly
monocyte - macrophage dysfunction
• Monocytes or macrophage dysfunction
MONOCYTE / MACROPHAGE DYSFUNCTION
✿ Inherited disorders
✧ chediak-higashi disease
✧ chronic granulomatous disease
✧ lysosomal storage disease
☼ gaucher
☼ niemann-pick
☼ gangliosidosis
✿ Acquired disorders
✧ infection
☼ malakoplakia
☼ whipple disease
☼ disseminated mucocutaneous candidiasis
☼ mycobacteriosis syndrome
☼ leprosy
☼ ebv
✧ other
☼ chronic lymphocytic leukemia
☼ kawasaki disease
☼ critical illness/ sepsis
☼ trauma
☼ metastatic cancer
☼ smoking
