• Coagulation factors in the intrinsic, extrinsic, and common pathways are listed above.
• A deficiency in either the concentration and/or activity level of each coagulation factor is caused by either an inherited disorder or a secondary process in which antibodies are generated against that specific coagulation factor due to certain disease processes or drug-mediated mechanisms.
• The majority of the coagulation factors are deficient in severe liver disease (where they are produced) and in disseminated intravascular coagulopathy or DIC (due to their high consumption).
• Because vitamin K is essential for the synthesis and function of factors II, VII, IX, and X, these factors are deficient in vitamin K deficiency and warfarin use.
intrinsic pathway
FACTOR VIII DEFICIENCY
✿ Inherited disorders
✧ hemophilia a
✧ von willerbrand disease
✿ Acquired disorders
✧ acquired von willerbrand disease
✧ dic
✧ rheumatologic disorders
✧ asthma
✧ inflammatory bowel diseases
✧ malignancy
✧ postpartum
✧ drugs
☼ penicillin
☼ sulfonamides
☼ phenytoin
ELEVATED FACTOR VIII LEVEL
✿ Acquired disorders
✧ inflammation
✧ liver disease
✧ pregnancy
✧ contraceptives
✧ malignancy
✧ stress
✧ exercise
✧ advanced age
✧ hyperthyroidism
FACTOR IX DEFICIENCY
✿ Inherited disorders
✧ hemophilia b
✿ Acquired disorders
✧ liver disease
✧ dic
✧ vitamin k deficiency
✧ warfarin
✧ nephrotic syndrome
FACTOR XI DEFICIENCY
✿ Inherited disorders
✧ hemophilia c
✿ Acquired disorders
✧ liver disease
✧ dic
✧ nephrotic syndrome
✧ systemic lupus erythematosus
✧ pregnancy
extrinsic pathway
FACTOR VII DEFICIENCY
✿ Inherited disorders
✿ Acquired disorders
✧ liver disease
✧ dic
✧ vitamin k deficiency
✧ warfarin
VITAMIN K DEFICIENCY
✿ Poor intake
✧ low vitamin k diet
✧ longterm tpn
✿ Malabsorption
✧ intestinal diseases
☼ inflammatory bowel disease
☼ short bowel syndrome
☼ cystic fibrosis
☼ celiac disease
☼ chronic infection (parasite)
✧ biliary obstruction
✿ Drugs
✧ warfarin
✧ antibiotics
✧ high dose vitamin a
common pathway
FACTOR II DEFICIENCY
✿ Inherited disorders
✿ Acquired disorders
✧ liver disease
✧ dic
✧ vitamin k deficiency
✧ warfarin
✧ antiphospholipid syndrome
FACTOR V DEFICIENCY
✿ Inherited disorders
✿ Acquired disorders
✧ liver disease
✧ dic
✧ autoimmune disorders
✧ postpartum
✧ malignancy
✧ topical bovine thrombin
FACTOR X DEFICIENCY
✿ Inherited disorders
✿ Acquired disorders
✧ liver disease
✧ dic
✧ vitamin k deficiency
✧ warfarin
✧ amyloidosis
