LAB DIFFERENTIALS

A

Activated protein c resistance
Albumin (hyper- & hypo-albuminemia)
Albuminuria
Alkaline phosphatase (elevated alp)
Aminotransferases (elevated ast & alt)
Anemia (microcytic, macrocytic, & normocytic)
Anion gap (elevated & decreased ag)
Antinuclear antibody (positive ana)
Antithrombin deficiency
Ascites

B

Basophils (basophilia & basophilopenia)
Bicarbonate (metabolic acidosis & alkalosis)
Bilirubin (hyperbilirubinemia)
Blood cells (pancytopenia)
Blood urea nitrogen (elevated & decreased bun)
Brain natriuretic peptide (elevated bnp)

C

Calcium (hyper- & hypo-calcemia)
Chloride (hyper- & hypo-chloremia)
Coagulation factors (factor ii, v, vii, viii, ix, x, xi deficiencies)
Coagulopathy (hyper- & hypo-coagulopathy)
Complements (hypocomplementemia)
Creatine kinase (elevated ck)
Creatinine (elevated and decreased Cr)
C-reactive protein (elevated crp)

D

D-Dimer (elevated d-dimer)

E

Eosinophils (eosinophilia & eosinopenia)
Erythrocytes (anemia & polycythemia)
Erythrocyte sedimentation rate (elevated & decreased esr)

F

Factor ii, v, vii, viii, ix, x, xi deficiencies
Factor viii deficiency & elevation
Fibrinogen (hyper- & hypo-fibrinogenemia)
Fibrinolysis (hyper- & hypo-fibrinolysis)

G

Gammaglobulins (hyper- & hypo-gammaglobulinemia)
Gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase (elevated ggt)
Glomerular filtration rate (increased & decreased gfr)
Glucose (hyper- & hypo-glycemia)

H

Hematology (pancytopenia)
Hematuria
Histiocytes (histiocytosis)

I

Immunoglobulins (hyper- & hypo-gammaglobulinemia)
International normalized ratio (prolonged inr)

J

Joint effusion

K

L

Lactate (elevated lactate)
Lactate dehydrogenase (elevated ldh)
Liver injury patterns (hepatocellular, cholestatic, & infiltrative)
Leukocytes (leukocytosis & leukopenia)
Lymphocytes (lymphocytosis & lymphocytopenia)

M

Magnesium (hyer- & hypo-magnesemia)
Mast cell elevation
Metabolic acidosis (anion gap & non anion gap)
Metabolic alkalosis
Monocytes (monocytosis, monocytopenia, & monocyte dysfunction)

N

Neutrophils (neutrophilia, neutropenia, & neutrophil dysfunction)

O

Oxygenation status (hypoxemia & hypoxia)

P

Partial thromboplastin time (prolonged ptt)
Phosphorous (hyper- & hypo-phosphatemia)
Platelets (thrombocytosis, thrombocytopenia, & platelet dysfunction)
Pleural effusion (transudate & exudate)
Potassium (hyper- & hypo-kalemia)
Proteins (hyper- & hypo-proteinemia)
Protein c & s deficiencies
Proteinuria
Prothrombin time (prolonged pt)
Pyuria

Q

R

Red blood cell (anemia & polycythemia)
Rheumatic factor (positive rf)

S

Sodium (hyper- & hypo-natremia)

T

Thrombin time (prolonged tt)
Troponin (troponemia)

U

Uric acid (hyper- & hypo-uricemia)

V

Ventilation status (hyper- & hypo-capnia)
Vitamin K deficiency
von Willerbrand factor (vwf deficiency)

W

White blood cell (leukocytosis & leukopenia)

Y

Z